Bless us with your sparkling love 💖 let us know any mistakes and typos

This is for Ajahn @Brahmali . :slightly_smiling_face:

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Thank you @Beaver, you really are an awesome proofreader!

I like to have a consistency of style with my published translations, but since they have been done quite piecemeal and spread over a largish expanse of time, due to me being busy with other things, I know that hasn’t always been the case. So, your feedback s very helpful.

I hope to get to fix the items you’ve pointed out over the next week or so.

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in the notes to SN12.2, the terms to be defined are sometimes in quotes, sometimes not. For example segment 3.2 has

“Old age” (jarā, related to English “geriatric”) …

while segment 3.4 has

Death (maraṇa, cf. “mortality”) …

In segment 12.3 we find “consciousness” with a closing, but not an opening quote mark:

Consciousness” (viññāṇa, cf. “know”) …


The word iddhipādā is mostly “bases of psychic power”, but sometimes “bases for psychic power”. Also in the comment at SN12.2:13.3, it is “bases for psychic power”.


In SN12.4:1.2, comment:

Bodhisatta is explained by the commentary here as either “one possessed of awakening”, or one who is certain of awakening in the proximity of Buddhahood.

The second commentarial explanation that follows after “or”, “one who is certain of awakening in the proximity of Buddhahood”, should probably also be in quote marks.

The Patna Dhammapada has verse numbers repeat (1, 2, 1, 2, etc) which makes linking to verses after the second or third line impossible. I would expect this might be normal for less used texts but other non-Pali texts seem not to have this issue.

Here, trying to link to the last line takes you to the second as both are considered verse 2.

I know root texts aren’t for editing, but I’m also pretty sure the insertion of ‘’ twice at the end of the text is an error unique to Suttacentral’s rendering of the root text and not the source and should thus be changed, with the ISO ‘r̥’ present in the editions of Coze and Anandajoti presumably having been incorrectly replaced with ‘’ instead of ‘ṛ’.

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@johnk
Mil 3.1.5 uses «nibbāna» while the other suttas use «Nibbāna».

So it should probably also capitalize the «n».


Mil 3.3.1 and Mil 3.3.4
«sorrow, lamentation, suffering, anguish, and despair»

Mil 3.4.8
«sorrow, lamentation, suffering, grief, and despair»

«anguish» vs «grief» if these should match.


Mil 3.3.2 uses «karma» while other suttas use «kamma».


Mil 3.3.6:4.5 and Mil 3.3.6:4.7
«know whether it’s essence were sour, salty»

Maybe these should use «its» instead.


Mil 3.7.15 segment 1.4 and 1.6
«flavor»

Other suttas:
«flavou

Maybe Mil 3.7.15 should also use «flavour».

I saw Mil 3.7.15 also differed in using «scent» while other suttas used «odour». I don’t know if they translated the same thing, or if it’s just the context of the sentence that’s the reason for the difference, or something else. If they should all be «scent» then there’s some «an odour» in Mil 3.3.6 that would have to change from «an» to «a» also.

There was also a «toward» and «towards» difference if only one of them should be used.


Mil 3.1.3:1.5
«both a summing up and an unravelling is made, a refutation and a redress is made, an assertion and a counter-assertion is made»

Unsure if these should use «are» instead of «is».


Mil 3.1.4’s title
«Anantakaya’s Question»

Segment 7.1
«Anantakāya’s Question»

The rest of the sutta also used an «ā» in «Anantakāya». So the title should probably also use an «ā».


Mil 3.1.4:6.12
«“Indeed not, venerable sir.”»

Maybe this should be removed since he also replies with «“Certainly not, venerable sir.”» in segment 6.13 like he did in segment 6.7, 6.9, and 6.11.


Mil 3.1.6:1.6
«One with defilements reconnects and one without defilements doesn’t reconnect?»

Wasn’t sure if this should end with a period instead of a question mark.


Mil 3.1.7:1.3
«and other wholesome mental states mental states

Two «mental states» in a row.


Mil 3.1.9:1.3
«faith, energy, mindfulness, and absorption»

Five segments in the same sutta:
«faith, energy, mindfulness, concentration, and wisdom»

Was unsure if «absorption» and «concentration» translated the same thing. I think there was only one «absorption» in your translations.


Mil 3.4.6:4.4
«But then when those have gone down into their abdomens and stomachs are they dissolved?»

Segment 2.4 and 3.4:
«But then when these have gone down into their abdomens and stomachs are they dissolved?»

«those» vs «these».
There might be a reason for this difference.


Mil 3.7.4:3.5 and Mil 3.7.5:2.5
«About 200 yojanas»

Mil 3.7.4:3.8
«about two hundred yojanas»

Mil 3.7.4:3.5 and Mil 3.7.5:2.5 were the only ones I saw that used digits instead of letters when writing numbers. So maybe «200» should be «two hundred».


Edit:
Mil 4.1.1 title and segment 12.1
«The Eight Places for Discussion to be Avoided.»

Period in title and the segment. I think it was the only one that did that. So the periods should probably be removed.


Mil 3.6.5 segment 3.1
«Higher Ordination of the Blessed One Question»

Doesn’t include «fifth». I think it should be «Higher Ordination of the Blessed One Question fifth»

It was the only one to exclude that in Mil 3, I think.


Titles that were different in the title and the last segment:
Mil 3.1.2 title
«Question on Counting Rains»
Segment 3.1
«Counting Rains Question second»

«Question on Counting Rains» vs «Counting Rains Question»

Mil 3.1.3 title
«Investigating question»
Segment 3.1
«Investigating Question third»

The title doesn’t capitalize the «q». Nobody can see that on SuttaCentral, so there might not be a point in changing it. I just ctrl+f with it being sensitive to capitalization, so that’s the only reason I saw they were different from each other.

Mil 3.7.3 title
«Question on Striving for the Removal of Past Suffering»
Segment 6.1
«Question on Striving for the Abandonment of Suffering third»

«Removal of Past» vs «Abandonment of»

Mil 3.7.8 title
«Question on Doing Evil Knowingly or Not Knowingly»
Segment 3.1
«Question on Doing Evil Knowingly or Unknowingly eighth»

«Not Knowingly» vs «Unknowingly»

Mil 3.7.9 title
«Question on Traveling to Uttarakuru and Other Places»
Segment 4.1
«Question on Travelling to Uttarakuru and Other Places ninth»

One vs two «L»s. «Traveling» vs «Travelling».


Mil 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 ended the chapters a bit different from the rest. Maybe they should also use «In this chapter x questions».

Mil 3.1.6:6.1
«In this chapter there are sixteen questions»

Mil 3.2.9:5.1
«Nine Questions in this Chapter»

Mil 3.3.14:6.1
«In this chapter, fourteen questions»

Mil 3.4.10:5.1
«In this chapter ten questions»

Mil 3.5.10:6.1
«In this chapter ten questions»

Mil 3.6.11:5.1
«In this chapter eleven questions»

Mil 3.7.16:5.1
«In this chapter sixteen questions»


Mil 3.8 used «Venerable One»

Mil 3.1.3 and 3.1.4 used «venerable one»

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AN 10.217 included in the text “It’s like throwing unfaling dice: they always fall the right side up.”

Should be “unfailing dice”

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SN12.15:2.5: Tañcāyaṁ upayupādānaṁ cetaso adhiṭṭhānaṁ abhinivesānusayaṁ na upeti na upādiyati nādhiṭṭhāti: ‘attā me’ti.
But if—for all that getting involved and grasping, mental fixation, and insistence and underlying tendency—they do not get attracted, grasp, and fixate on the thought, ‘my self’,

Obviously the translation for upaya/upeti has been changed from “attracted” to “involved”; but in the second part of this sentence there’s still “attracted”. The same in SN22.90:9.6.

SN22.85 too has “attracted” for upeti throughout (except for segment 21.6, where it is “involved”).

Perfect! This is just the type of detailed proofreading and consistency checking that I’ve been hoping for! Thank you, @Beaver

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There is a formatting error for Bhikkhu Bodhi’s AN5.36. The first paragraph of the gāthā is not properly indented.

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Ajahn @Brahmali
Bi:154.0
«Confession 85: travelling in a vehicle»

Everywhere else used «traveling» with one «L»


Snp 5.6:3.2, Snp 5.7:3.5, Snp 5.7:4.5, Snp 5.7:5.1, Ja 76:1.3 note, DN 16:2.22.2 note, DN 16:6.19.1 note
«travelling»

«traveling» with one «L» was used a lot more.

«Traveled» always used one «L»

«traveler» always used one «L», but when it was plural it sometimes used two:
AN 3.70:37.3, AN 8.42:12.3, AN 8.43:9.3, AN 8.45:9.3, SN 9.8:2.2 note, SN 10.4:1.2 note
«travellers»


AN 8.45:6.8
«the gods who Control what is created by Others»

I think the capitalization in «Control» and «Others» should be removed.


AN 8.43:5.4
«The lifespan of the gods of the thirty-three is a thousand of these divine years.»

AN 3.70:30.4, AN 8.42:5.4
«The lifespan of the gods of the thirty-three is a thousand of these heavenly years.»

«divine» vs «heavenly»


AN 3.70:26.1, AN 3.70:26.2
«either a cot or a straw mat.»

AN 8.41:9.1, AN 8.42:2.1, AN 8.43:2.1, AN 8.45:3.1, AN 9.18:2.1, AN 8.41:9.2, AN 8.42:2.2, AN 8.43:2.2, AN 8.45:3.2, AN 9.18:2.2
«either a small bed or a straw mat.»

«cot» vs «small bed»


AN 3.70:28.2
«full of the seven treasures

AN 8.42:3.2, AN 8.43:3.2, AN 8.45:4.2
«full of the seven kinds of precious things

«treasures» vs «kinds of precious things»


Some of the notes used «Nibbana», and some used «Nibbāna»


Straight apostrophes that should be curly.

MN 56:8.3 note
«It's tempting»

MN 15:2.2
«They're impatient, and don't take»

MN 15:4.2
«They're accepting»

SN 22.85:28.5
«consciousness, they don't»

Snp 2.14:11.3 note
«person doesn't just»

AN 4.6:3.1 and AN 4.6:3.5
«but hasn't got the point»

Thag 1.14:1.6
«you can't chain those who know.»

AN 8.13:2.9
«They're gentle and»


Snp 2.14:11.3 note
«Bodhi follows comm in»

Maybe it should be «commentary» or «the commentary».


SN 22.85:11.5
«and doesn’t exist after death.’?”»
SN 22.85:3.2 and SN 22.85:6.2
«and doesn’t exist after death’?”»

SN 24.1:1.4
«but stand firm like a pillar.’?”»
SN 24.1:3.14, SN 24.1:4.9, SN 24.1:4.16
«but stand firm like a pillar’?”»

AN 10.84:3.3, AN 10.86:3.3
«for this place.’?”’»
SN 12.32:14.3
«for this place.’”?’»
SN 12.32:6.8
«for this place”’?”»

Guessing SN 22.85:11.5, SN 24.1:1.4, AN 10.84:3.3, AN 10.86:3.3, and SN 12.32:14.3 should remove the period.

SN 12.32 had a different question mark placement than AN 10.84 and 86. The AN suttas have it after the first quotation mark, while the SN sutta has it after the second quotation mark.


AN 10.84:3.1
«The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasss their mind»

AN 10.85:4.1, AN 10.85:19.1, AN 10.86:3.1, and AN 10.86:6.1
«The Realized One or one of his disciples encompasses their mind»

AN 10.84:3.1 should also use «encompasses» like AN 10.85 and 86.


AN 10.84:14.2
«But stopping half-way means decline»

AN 10.86:19.2
«Stopping half-way means decline»

Maybe these should match.

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SN2.26:5.2, comment:

This echoes Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 1.2.5.14 and 7.1.1.37, where the fire altar is measured out as a fathom (vyāmamātra) for this is the length of a human. The altar and the human person encompass the whole world.

Probably there should be a comma after the closing parenthesis?


I believe the translation for attabhāva has been changed from “life-form” to “incarnation”. There are still some “life-forms” left in AN8.19, AN8.20, Ud 5.5, and SN56.36. In DN19, we find “corporeal form”.

Hello @Beaver. I believe I have fixed the Mil translations with all the many edits suggested by you, except I can’t find where I have used “toward” instead of “towards”. Can you please tell me which sutta(s) you found that in?

Since, I’m trying to be consistent using British spellings throughout rather than American ones, I should use “towards”.

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A search on SC for toward in:mil gives me this:

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Thank you Ven @Sabbamitta. I didn’t even know one could search SC like that. Not only did you answer my question, you’ve taught me a new SC skill! Sādhu, sādhu!

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Yeah, and I think it can still do many more things I am not very aware of. Click the little “i” button (“Tips for search syntax”) for more information.

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The term upaga is generally translated as “pass on”. In SN12.19, this is the case in segments 5.5 and 6.5, but in segments 5.4 and 6.4, we find “is reborn”.


SN12.24:21.9, comment:

The Buddha recapitulates, confirming that the sequence here goes back only as far as the six senses. This agrees with dn1:3.71.12, which likewise goes back to the six senses. There, the factors beginning with ignorance are implied under wrong view.

It’s not the Buddha who is speaking here, but Ānanda.


SNp5.2:7.4: puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisa”.
to tell me their behavior, good fellow.’

Should be double closing quote mark.


SN12.50:5.1: Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṁ lokassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti, ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako diṭṭhisampanno itipi, dassanasampanno itipi, āgato imaṁ saddhammaṁ itipi, passati imaṁ saddhammaṁ itipi, sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi, dhammasotaṁ samāpanno itipi, ariyo nibbedhikapañño itipi, amatadvāraṁ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipī”ti.
A noble disciple comes to truly understand the origin and ending of the world. Such a noble disciple is one who is called ‘one accomplished in view’, ‘one accomplished in vision’, ‘one who has come to the true teaching’, ‘one who sees this true teaching’, ‘one endowed with a trainee’s knowledge’, ‘one who has entered the stream of the teaching’, ‘a noble one with penetrative wisdom’, and also ‘one who stands pressing against the door to freedom from death’.”

Here we have two Pali phrases that are rendered as one phrase in English: sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi is „one endowed with a trainee’s knowledge". Maybe this is deliberate, perhaps also since both ñāṇa and vijjā are generally translated as “knowledge”.

But just in case it’s not deliberate: we find the same construction in SN12.33:8.3 and 14.3, SN12.27:5.2, SN12.28:5.15, and SN12.49:5.1.


In AN1.175-186:1.1, the term vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyā is translated “the realization of the fruit of knowledge and freedom”, and in AN1.175-186:1.4 it is “the realization of the fruit of knowledge and release”. Maybe the same inconsistency is elsewhere too.

Hello @Beaver. It now appears that my corrections to the Mil translation based on your detailed posts of Nov 8 and 10 are all now live on the current SC website. Thanks again for all your help.

If you have time, please do a spot check on a number of these to ensure that I have not appeared to miss anything.

Also, I now have a new translation from Mil up there, Mil2 at SuttaCentral . Please cast your detailed proofreading eye over that too when you get a chance.

I’m also copying @nschitrung into this post too, since he has been looking at Mil as well, comparing the Pāli and English looking for inconsistencies. The cleaner and more accurate we can make the translation, the better.

One other thing I noticed with this is that the number on the corresponding Pāli text is “1.”, whereas it should be “2.”, matching the translation. See screenshot:

There already is an existing Mil1, where the numbers match correctly. I’m not sure who’s responsible for fixing this. Would you happen to know @sabbamitta ?

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Probably that’s @HongDa’s domain.

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Thanks @johnk @sabbamitta

The relevant content in the source file is indeed 1. Pubbayogādi

Bhante @sujato Does this need to be corrected?

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@johnk

I’ve gone through my previous suggestions now, it looks like you might have missed some things which I have repeated below. Some of them might also have been wrong and therefore not implemented. I’ve looked mostly at the quotation marks in Mil 2 but I also saw a few non-quotation mark things in it. There’s also some other things from other suttas below.


Mil 3.7.3 title
«3. Question on Striving for the Abandonment of Past Suffering»

Segment 6.1
«Question on Striving for the Abandonment of Suffering third»

Title includes «Past» which the segment doesn’t.


Mil 3.8:5.3 used «Venerable One»

Other suttas used «venerable one»

Mil 4.5:2.2
«Venerable Sir»

Other suttas used «venerable sir»

Different capitalization.


Mil 4.3 and Mil 3.5.10 has «Milinda's Questions» at the top of the sutta.

Straight apostrophe.


Mil 3.1.1:8.2
«there is the name "chariot"

Mil 3.1.1:8.4
«there is a "being" is agreed upon.'”»

The double quotation marks are straight in both segments, and segment 8.4 has a straight single quotation mark at the end.


Mil 3.1.4:6.10 and Mil 3.1.4:6.12

Maybe they should start with a quotation mark.


I don’t know if Mil 3.1.9:6.1 should start with a single quotation mark, and if Mil 3.1.9:7.4 should have a single quotation mark before the double quotation mark. And if segment 5.3 and 5.4 should remove their quotation marks.


Mil 3.2.3:4.2

I don’t think it should end with a quotation mark.


Mil 3.4.5:7.2
«following what isn't Dhamma»

Straight apostrophe.


Mil 3.6.6:1.4
«“That which is cool»

Maybe that quotation mark should be removed.


Mil 3.7.3:3.2
«thinking, ‘I will drink water’?”»

Mil 3.7.3:4.2
«thinking, ‘I will eat food?’”»

Unsure if Mil 3.7.3:4.2 should also have the question mark between the ending quotation marks like Mil 3.7.3:3.2.

Same thing with Mil 3.2.7:1.3 and :2.6
«not reconnect?’”»

And Mil 3.3.7:6.1, :8.1, and :10.1
«there I will go?’”»


Mil 3.8:3.1 and Mil 3.8:6.2
«King Milinda's question»

Mil 3.8:4.1
«King Milinda's dwelling»

Mil 3.8:6.4
«each other's well-spoken»

Mil 3.8:7.1
«The Asking and Answering of Milinda's Questions completed»

Straight apostrophes.


Mil 4.1:11.4
«These eight should be avoided’.”»

Should this single quotation mark be behind the period like:
Mil 4.2:3.4
«These are destroyers of the matter.’”»
Mil 4.3:4.4
«quickly becomes revealed.’”»


Mil 2:1.4, :13.1, :17.4
«second time… »

No space in front of the ellipsis. But guessing that’s on purpose since they all did it.


Mil 2:1.1
«karma» which probably should be «kamma».


Mil 2:1.9
«the Ganges' waves»

:2.1
«novice's aspiration»

:10.3
«king's face»

:12.2
«King Milinda's words»

:18.2 and :18.3
«King Milinda's argument»

:18.3 and :21.1
«Buddha's dispensation»

:4.4, :26.2, :40.2, :55.1, :51.2, :53.4, :56.3
«Buddha's words»

:23.1
«Soṇuttara's wife»

:23.11
«brahmin's house»

:28.1
«teacher's fee»

:31.1
«Nāgasena's mind»

:33.2
«householder's ornamental»

:34.1
«Venerable Rohaṇa's hand»

:43.1
«the Buddha's teaching»

:53.2
«Venerable Nāgasena's deportment»

:57.2
«messenger's words»

:61.3
«others' wealth» twice

:61.4
«others' houses»

:65.1
«Teacher's dispensation»

«king's ministers»

«Conqueror's dispensation»

«lion's roar»

Straight apostrophes.


:35.2
«'I know the highest teaching in this world,'»

:24.1
«said 'we received' at»

Straight single quotation marks.


Mil 2:2.3
patthanaṁ paṭṭhapesi.
«Thus he made his first aspiration.»

Since it looked like he only made one aspiration I wondered if «first» should be removed from segment 2.3.

Mil 2:1.8
paṭhamaṁ patthanaṁ paṭṭhapesi.
«Thus he made his first aspiration.»

paṭhamaṁ in this segment which :2.3 didn’t have. And he made another aspiration in :1.9-10


Mil 2:6.2
«There are, Great King, six teachers»

Mil 3.7.8:1.3
«Indeed, great king, for him»

Capitalization difference in «great king».


Mil 2:8.12

Ends with a straight quotation mark.


Mil 2:18.2
«dear sir, “It would be good»

That segment begins with an opening double quotation mark, so maybe the one I quoted should be a single quotation mark instead. Then it would also have to add a single quotation mark at the end of the segment before the ending double quotation mark.


Mil 2:35.2

Ends with a straight quotation mark.


Mil 2:44.4

Opening straight quotation mark.


Mil 2:44.5

Straight opening and closing quotation mark.


Mil 2:58.3

Straight ending quotation mark.


Mil 2:59.7

Straight ending quotation mark.


Mil 2:60.5

Straight ending quotation mark.


Mil 2:70.4

Straight ending quotation mark.


Mil 2:77.4
« thinking "Nāgasena was»

Straight quotation mark.


Mil 2:65.3
«master of the three piṭakas»

I think everywhere else capitalized the «p» in «piṭakas»


Mil 2:21.2
«apaart»

Should be «apart».


Mil 2:65.1
«a saṅgha of bhikkhus»

Two segments in Mil 2 had «Saṅgha of monks». Mil 4.6 also capitalized «saṅgha»

Segment 65.1 should probably also capitalize «saṅgha».

The «of bhikkhus» vs «of monks» part I have no clue about. It seemed like «Saṅgha of monks» translated «bhikkhusaṅghaṁ». While «saṅgha of bhikkhus» I’m not sure since I don’t know Pali. Maybe «saṅghī gaṇī gaṇācariyo» like segment 5.2, but probably not.


Mil 2:51.8 and Mil 4.1:7.2 have «toward».

Should probably be «towards».


Mil 3.7.1:2.2
«venerable Ānanda»

Doesn’t capitalize the «v» in «venerable».

There’s at least one uncapitalized «v» that should be capitalized in «venerable Nāgasena». Mil 3.2.6:7.1 since every equivalent segment capitalizes there.

Other places that maybe also should capitalize the «v» in «venerable Nāgasena».

Mil 2 from segment 71.3 to 77.5, thirteen of them.

Mil 3.1.1 segment 3.5 (one uncapitalized there), 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 9.1 (three)

Mil 3.1.4 segment 5.1, 5.4, 6.1

Mil 3.1.5 segment 1.3 (three), segment 2.1 (two)

Mil 3.3.7 segment 4.1, 5.1, 7.1, 9.1, 11.1

Mil 3.5.3 segment 1.4

Mil 3.7.8 segment 1.4

Mil 3.7.16 segment 1.5


Mil 3.6.1:1.6
«“Yes, venerable sir, I have”»

Maybe there should be a period between «have» and the quotation mark.


Mil 3.6.2:1.8
«“He would administer medicine to a sick person, venerable sir, at the time of being ill and not when not ill?”»

I saw the Pali also used a question mark, but I was a bit unsure if it should use a period instead.


Mil 3.6.3:3.1
«But surely a child is like their mother or those on the mother’s side or like their father or those on their father’s side»

«the» vs «their» mother’s/father’s side. If they should match.


Mil 3.6.6:1.3
«stained with greed hatred, and delusion»

Maybe a comma after «greed».

Some places used «lust» instead of «greed», but unsure if they translate the same thing.
Mil 4.1:7.2
«thoughts connected with lust […] hatred […] delusion should not be aroused»

Mil 4.2:1.3
«One who behaves with lust, […] hatred, […] delusion»

Mil 4.2:2.3
«One behaving with lust, […] lust; one behaving with hatred […] hatred; one behaving with delusion […] delusion»

Mil 4.3 has «lust» like the other Mil 4 suttas, and it has «anger» instead of «hatred».
Mil 4.3:1.3
«A person characterized by lust, […] anger, […] delusion

Mil 4.3:2.3
«A person characterized by lust, […] anger, […] a deluded person»

If they translate the same thing in these segments, «greed» vs «lust» and «hatred» vs «anger».


Maybe Mil 3.6.9:1.5 should remove the quotation mark at the end of the segment, and if so Mil 3.6.9:1.6 should remove the quotation mark at the beginning.


Mil 4.1:8.1 ends with a comma.

Mil 4.1:8.2 starts the first word with a capitalized letter.

So maybe something should change.


I was wondering if any of these should have an Oxford comma.

Mil 1:7.2
«endowed with parks, pleasure gardens, groves, ponds and lotus pools»

«A lovely place with rivers, mountains and forests,»

Mil 1:7.3
«With well-arranged streets, crossroads and intersections»

«crowded with elephants, horses, chariots and infantry»

«various khattiya, brahman, vessa and sudda classes»

«full of kahāpaṇas, silver, gold, bronze and bowls»

«with abundant wealth, grain, riches and equipment»

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