Slightly off-topic – mods can scratch it, or I’ll delete it if too far –
Currently well into a close reading of “Sects and Sectarianism”, and then noting the (now closed) thread “Thought experiment - a genderless vinaya”, the issues were highlighted for me by all the goings-on in Germany last week (all over the Deutsche Welle national media - sorta the German BBC) – October 31 2017 was the 500th anniversary, to the day, of Martin Luther’s nailing his “95 theses” to the door of the castle church in Wittenburg, and triggering the Protestant Reformation.
I scanned many of the numerous feature articles, and researched some of the history, as I’ve so far known little about what Luther actually did with his life (My maternal grandfather was Pfarrer / pastor of a German-speaking Lutheran congregation near Chicago, but by the time I came along my immediate family had converted to my (Polish) father’s Roman Catholicism.)
Apparently he objected to, reformed both doctrine (dhamma, so to speak), and Canon law (the procedural rules). Initially be was considered heretical, but the end result was, as far as I understand the term, a genuine schism. His motivation on both issues was actually sort of EBT-like – he wanted to go back and restructure everything according to what was in the New Testament, rather than 1500 years of institution and commentary.
Curiously though, and apropos the topic back in the “Thought Experiment…” thread, I also learned (from a TV documentary film about Katharina Luther – his wife), he s/w revolutionized the attitude towards women in his new religious system, on the basis that both sexes were equal before God and in faith. For one thing, he established, for the first time in German culture of that time, equal education for women, so they could also read the Bible as well as handle business (e.g. math). The overall tenor was a sense of equality of responsibility but still a separation of duties (managing the children and household vs external career), but he even pushed that a bit. In his will he left everything (large house and the business Katharina had built in it) to his wife, AND designated her as sole guardian of their children. That, however, pushed the social norms a bit too far, and the legal authorities would not allow that.