MN1 mundane/supra mundane?

Good morning (NZDT) SC Sangha,
Well that was a slog. MN1 ! Thankfully Reading Faithfully recommends a non linear reading of the Majjhima Nikāya and I come to it rather later than if I started at 1. If I was writing Buddhism for Dummies I wouldn’t start with that. The paradox is that I was warned right at the start;

“Take an unlearned ordinary person who has not seen the noble ones, and is neither skilled nor trained in the teaching of the noble ones”

That’s me! Regardless I read it, much like I read war and peace, to get to the end. Yeah, I know that is my first lesson. All about me, ego, uncomfortable, I am not enjoying this, “entertain” me! Obviously I will continue to go back to this sutta many times, which is encouraging I have no desire to read war and peace again.

My question is; Is this about mundane and supra mundane understanding?

Metta :folded_hands:

2 Likes

If you read the last line of MN1, then you know even at that time, the monks were not pleased with what they heard. MN 1 is a very comprehensive sutta, I don’t think a binary “this” or “that” classification is very useful or even advisable.

:folded_hands:

8 Likes

Thank you, I have taken that onboard. I went looking for commentary and found this Sutta was possibly addressed to Monks with a Brahamic background

This is a point he makes in the following discourse, which is apparently his response to a particular school of Brahmanical thought that was developing in his time — the Samkhya, or classification school.” Thanissaro Bhikkhu 1998 ATI

So obviously I picked one of the more contentious sutta’ to wrestle with. Metta #trusolo

2 Likes

It is a very deep sutta indeed, and as Trusolo says, it is best to hold it lightly at this stage.

However, you are on the right track, it is about three different levels of understanding and perceiving ‘the World’. It describes this from the perspective of an ordinary person (Puthujjana), a Trainee/sekha (sotapanna and above) and an Arahant (Englightened Being), finishing with how a Buddha perceives.

5 Likes

So obviously I picked one of the more contentious sutta’ to wrestle with

When I first started out reading sutta and studying Dhamma, I would read and listen to Bhante Bodhi’s lecture on YouTube. I remembered Bhante said that one should not start with MN1 first, start with MN2 and all other sutta, leave MN1 at the end after you read all other sutta. I find that tip was very helpful.

6 Likes

Sri Lank’s script doesn’t say so. In it the ending is not in direct opposition to usual ending, The bhikkhus were satisfied and delighted in the Blessed One’s words. The ending is:

But those bhikkhus did not delight in the Blessed One’s words.

Quite possibly that they were satisfied, lack of delight merely emphasises the main massage of the Suttta, stated a few lines above the end:

Perfect One knows that delight is the root of suffering and that with being there is birth, and the ageing and death of whatever is; and therefore it is with cravings’ exhaustion, fading out, cessation, being given up, and relinquished in all ways that he has discovered the supreme Full enlightenment, I say.

Strictly speaking, the Sutta is directed to sekha, and deals with ignorance on pre-refexive level. Such ignorance, unlike ignorance on reflexive level, has to be abandon gradually, so the phrase

he ought not to conceive (that to be) earth, he ought not to conceive (that to be) in earth, he ought not to conceive (that to be apart) from earth, he ought not to conceive earth to be ‘Mine’, he ought not to delight in earth.

Not sure what is meant by mundane/ supra mundane here, but to comprehend MN 1, first Brahmajaja Sutta has to be understood which deals with ignorance on reflexive level.

My main read of MN 1 is that it’s encouraging us not to take the Dhamma as a philosophical system to delight in intellectually but rather as a tool to end our delight and craving and attachment and thus suffering. It’s an important sutta to put first as it gets the philosophical study of the Dhamma off on the right foot.

5 Likes

On Sutta Central, if you have Tooltip on asterisk on in views, hover your pointer over the dot at the very end of MN1 and the following note from the translator, Ajahn Sujato, will appear:

That they “did not approve” (na abhinanduṁ ) is confirmed in the commentary and in the parallel at EA 44.6, which explains that the mendicants did not understand the discourse. Alternatively, some modern interpreters (Bodhi, Ñāṇananda), relying on the commentarial background explanation, suggest that the problem was that they understood it all too well and were not happy that their beliefs were challenged. These explanations, however, do not take into account the centrality of “approval” (nanda )—it is literally the “root” that lends the discourse its title. Given that an arahant does not “approve” even Nibbāna, and that “approval” is the root of suffering, is it any wonder that the audience did not “approve” the teaching? It is not that they did not understand, nor that their understanding threatened their egos, but that they understood so well that they received the teaching with perfect equanimity. Elsewhere the Buddha urged that one should “neither approve (abhinandati ) nor dismiss” a teaching (AN 4.180:2.5 = DN 16:4.8.4, DN 29:18.4, MN 112:3.1). The normal response, where the audience approves a teaching with pleasure, is meant in a conventional sense, whereas this sutta shows how for an arahant all such responses are transcended.

2 Likes

Thank you. I was wondering why it would be the first one, being so complex. But, I realised the Nikāyas’ were compiled and edited by very knowledgeable and advanced Venerables and it would be irreverent of me to question the order. Your explanation makes perfect sense. Sadhu. I am always acutely aware of the reverence and respect due to the Lord Buddha’ words though my style and presentation may not reflect that. Mettā Bhante :folded_hands:

I think the mundane way of cognition is: 1. perceiving for example a pleasant feeling. 2. Based upon that starts a proces of conceiving. This feeling might then be conceived as me or as mine. But it is not perceived that way. Directly knowing things is not the same as knowing by way of conceiving things. Conceiving this nice feeling to be me and mine, i want it, delight arises.

Yes i think you can say that this is a mundane way of understanding that pleasant feeling. In this mundane understanding of the pleasant feeling, there is much more to that pleasant feeling then pleasant feeling alone. There is also a sense of identity and someone having this feeling.

Yes, i think you can say that the last parts of the sutta describe the supramundane understanding in which no distortion takes place of whatever is perceived. The nice feeling is merely perceived or directly known as a nice feeling and it becomes no basis for conceiving a me and mine in regard to that feeling and also no delight. This is like seeing with wisdom that feeling as it really is. In the seen is merely the seen. In the felt merely the felt. In the known merely the known. That is also a way the sutta’s express that no distortion of knowing takes place.

A sutta says: “That’s how subtly Vepacitti was bound. But the bonds of Māra are even more subtle than that. When you conceive, you’re bound by Māra. Not conceiving, you’re free from the Wicked One” (SN35.248)

I read this as: perceiving or directly knowing is not the problem. That does not throw oneself into the arms of Mara. But conceiving does. Because while conceiving starts, and we get absorbed in a conceived understanding, we do not see things anymore with wisdom as they are.

The same sutta says:

“What is conceived is a disease, a boil, a dart. So mendicants, you should train yourselves like this: ‘We will live with a heart that does not conceive.’

Conceiving is a strong habit. I feel it is great that Buddha teaches about conceiving.It is such a huge part of our experience. Understanding the role of conceiving and how it distorts, seem to me very important in regard to the cause and the end of suffering

1 Like

Thank you for your beautifully constructed answer and for the time you spent putting it together for me. Sadhu.

Conceiving is a great word, it’s like a step too far after perception.

#Green Metta :folded_hands:

Here is my take on this sutta. Please correct if I am wrong in anyway.

This sutta is broken down into several parts

1-to ordinary person

2-the disciple in higher training

3-the arahant

4-the tathagata (Lord Buddha)

First to the ordinary person

  • here we can conclude that this person has never heard of the Dhamma or he has but does not have faith in the true Dhamma and is unethical in their conducts due to ignorance bc they are “unskilled, undisciplined in their Dhamma, no regards for true men [true men=arahant? or ethical people who believe in actions have consequences or people with one of the attainments?… this bit I am not sure of def ]
  • This person PERCEIVES various things and phenomenon that he sees or learns in the world
    • 1-earth
    • 2-water
    • 3-fire
    • 4-air
    • 5-beings
    • 6-gods
    • 7-Pajapati
    • 8-Brahma
    • 9-gods of Streaming Radiance
    • 10-gods of Refulgent Glory
    • 11-gods of Great Fruits
    • 12-Overlord
    • 13-base of infinite space
    • 14-base of infinite consciousness
    • 15-base of nothingness
    • 16-base of neither-perception-nor-nonperception
    • 17-seen
    • 18-heard
    • 19-sensed
    • 20-cognize
    • 21-unity
    • 22-diversity
    • 23-all
    • 24-Nibbana
  • Here I would like to state what I think the Lord Buddha said….
    • Because of ignorance, the ordinary person does not understand how these things (24) contribute to suffering so he starts to “conceive[s]” aka have papanca aka mental effluents of these things.
    • here the Lord Buddha is stating that this person is going through the 12 links of dependent origination and is going through multiple rounds of deaths and rebirths
    • also my understanding of the concept of earth is that it doesn’t have to be earth as in mother earth but it could be any thing that has property similar to earth like solidity so a shirt, CD player, gold, human skin, bone, hair could be considered earth …If I am mistaken here please correct me. Similarly, water could be anything with fluid property aka blood, air could be anything with such properly like the breath etc.
    • For example he starts to develop GREED for earth “he conceives himself as earth”, he develops ANGER toward earth “he conceives himself apart from earth”, he develops DELUSION of earth “he conceives earth to be ‘mine’”.
    • So the person could say these feelings are mine, these emotions are mine, you are wrong because these emotions are yours and I don’t associate with these emotions, I am a Doctor not a driver, I must have this mansion because it is grand, I don’t like this scent because I don’t find it to smell good, this is my body, I hate carrots etc….these are conceiving due to perceiving. It is due to ignorance that these things that cause people to suffer.
    • The point of the list here is that due to ignorance the ordinary person will take everything he sees, hears, learns, touches, senses, to be something more and then develops greed, hatred, delusion around them.

2-the disciple in higher training

  • The disciple in the higher training [my guess would be anyone who treasures the Dhamma and is practicing according to the True Dhamma OR this person has to be at least a stream enterer] not sure…again someone could correct me
  • The Lord Buddha then lists the same 24 things again but this time the difference is that the disciple in higher training DIRECTLY KNOW earth, water, fire, air, beings etc….instead of perceive these things. Because he “DIRECTLY KNOW he SHOULD NOT DELIGHT” in these things because he “MUST FULLY UNDERSTAND IT” aka he must take away all ignorance and the taints (greed, anger, delusions) from his heart of these things.
  • I am not sure what “directly know” meant. I am not sure if the person in higher training directly know how earth, water, fire etc. can cause suffering through the Dhamma and/or personal experience? not sure here…
  • This person still have greed, anger and delusion but he knows he should not delight in these things because at least he knows the effects of these things.

3-the arahant

  • The arahant DIRECTLY KNOW earth, water, fire, air etc…and DOES NOT conceive in these things. He has destroyed all ignorance that would lead to suffering and thus no longer have any greed “does not conceive himself in earth”, no longer have any anger “does not conceive himself apart from earth”, no longer have any delusions “does not conceive earth to be mine.”
  • “He does not delight in earth” because he has turned his attention away from these things.
  • Here the Lord Buddha repeated that the Arahant having destroyed greed, anger, delusion in three ways: Arahant II “because he is free from lust through the destruction of lust”, Arahant III “because he is free form hate through the destruction of hate,” Arahant IV “because he is free from delusion through the destruction of delusion.

4-the Tathagata (Lord Buddha)

  • The Lord Buddha is similar to the Arahant in that he also DIRECTLY KNOW earth, water, fire, air etc…and DOES NOT conceive in these things. That is he does not have mental effluents flowing out to these things. He has destroyed greed, anger, and delusion just like the Arahant because he “has fully understood it to the end.”
  • The only difference that I can see is that the Tathagata awakened to supreme FULL enlightenment. I suppose it’s a matter of degree that distinguishes an Arahant from a Buddha and that the Buddha was the producer of the unproducible path.
2 Likes

I concur with what someone else said. Going through the Majjhima Nikāya with Bhikkhu Bodhi’s lectures, as he reads and explains the entire sutta step by step, is absolutely a fantastic way to do this undertaking. It has been one of the greatest pariyatti practices of my Dhamma studies thus far and greatly enhanced and guided my practice and understanding of the Dhamma on and off the cushion. They are available to download in many places. There are at least two full sets he did that spanned many years, hundreds of hours each, jam-packed with wisdom and explanation. As someone else pointed out, one series is also available on YT, but I liked having the mp3s to play in my car, doing activities, or while I am sitting still in practice at times.

1 Like

@Sumana @RyoGTO I have checked out Bikkhu Bodhi’ lectures and will certainly watch it as it coincides with my daily readings of Majjhima Nikāya.

Metta to you and all other respondents :folded_hands:

[quote=“BugzNZ, post:11, topic:42841”]
“Take an unlearned ordinary person who has not seen the noble ones, and is neither skilled nor trained in the teaching of the noble ones”[/quote]

Dat me too. So here is the “hottest take” ever, 2 cents worth (or not even 2 cents, 1 cent?)

just note, please forgive, but at the asterisk (*) I’m going to borrow a technique from Derrida where he will put a word suffix or prefix in a parenthesis to ensure the reader knows he is not committing to them in the way that like to assert or hold would, that’s just so you know I’m not “actually” holding this view but rather “this is a view” that never the less, still has cause and effect & so to speak “colours my reading” or interpretation, that I may “hold” and it’s the effect of that sort of view or reading (mis)reading that is wanting to be examined, not the actual claims in the metaphysical sense - I think understanding how forms of ignorance can condition further misunderstandings and misinterpretations - that’s simular to what maybe is called vipilesa? - anyhoo… :roll_eyes: :smile:

What I (mis)understand* by this sutta :melting_face:is it’s talking about how the world arises in quite a literal sense but from the supra mundane right view - sense of a being, sentience, that subject to suffering - where the mistake lies in the origination of the world and being, in dependent origination. And that misake is what’s called ignorance - that gives rise to sankhara (hence the sort of double-take meaning both constructed, fabricated, but also choice, but essence, robotic, like a conditioned choice an addict might have theres still the conditioning of the compulsion - and theres a way the world seems, different to liberated person, whose mind not involved in coarse things, theres a body - not properly seen) the anusaya or underlying tendency which creates our “robotic choice” or things seeming “objects” (robotic machinery - external - self objectified too - “self in world”) how they come to be, or even subtler - how even consciousness comes to fall upon an “object” or “self and object” duality set up, or sense of what it is like “to be” - that sankhara is produced by delight, so someone maybe aware of causes of ignorance, seeing (somewhat) properly anicca, dukkha, anatta but when there still remains anusaya that can “delight” - this is productive of the sankhara - this is ignorance. (I’m agnostic on either multiple life view or single life view of D.O i think both mismark or are like “views” of D.O from the relative point of view and both have some truth in them while not being complete - or another way of saying “I don’t understand them yet and can’t tell” lol [0] agnositicism with epistemic skepticism until the experience resolves either - but that’s the funny thing about ignorance - one could have the experience that coheres with that view as some extent confirming that view - but become stagnant - because of delighting in it - the anusaya’s at work - which is also a reason I think the metta sutta is “by not holding to fixed views” as right view is in a sense not fixed view, its always anicca, dukkha, anatta - how else to spread loving kindness universally without the understanding of all views of beings hehe - ok way above my “pay grade” and hottest take ever )

So yes there’s a kind of funny paradox in the relative ways the dhamma is conveyed which was the unique and awesome capacities of a buddha - to convey the dhamma in the relative world, and the dhamma. This sutta seems “paradoxical” in a sense, but what its pointing to is the manner which a view even so close to truth or some correct in a relative sense can be mistaken and lead to ignorance, that is the function of delight - which is reasonable function - but I also think of this with like deep meditation or something like MN128 where the “elation” pulls them away from the development - the elation preventing them with insight into developing the samadhi and context to realise nibanna.

That’s my half a cent hot take and kind of honest reading or way I have of understanding that sutta - I must admit I delight in this take, so don’t understand it. :grinning_face_with_smiling_eyes:

Also I think this (mis)understanding/understanding is caused by “delight” in that - when we read dhamma we maybe have deep experience or what ever is our current “high water mark” for experience - and for instance when I’m saying “it’s about how literally the world arises” that is probably based on some “deep experience” being bhavanga which is noted by Ajahn Brahm as a cul de sac and also talked in Pa Auk as “mistaken for nibanna” but it’s experience of subtle where life contiuation consciousness is and not distinct for someone with coarse mind (hello, me :grinning_face_with_smiling_eyes:) and I think has a different emotional characteristic to different people depending on other past experiences so sometimes hear of it “same as occurs in deep sleep” pa auk notes it can be mistaken for jhana or nibanna - like someone it might be plain like the deep rest of sleep others its proceeding might be full of light etc [1] - and like “delight” in a view or a deep experience like mn 128 points out the elation the exit - so this is a flavour of wrong view - and its our tendency (anusaya, vipalesa) to read into suttas based on our deepest or most universal view which most people comes from meditation, and that delight itself is what conditions that view - and so I don’t understand it. But I can understand that particular species of wrong view as it’s one I have and hard to shake. I think I saw Ajahn Brahm answering a question from someone with that experience a few weeks ago in Perth on the Friday night and was funny to see the way he did because would give it no life because he understands its a cul de sac and delighting in it counter productive,

With metta

[0] I don’t mean agnostic on rebirth - that’s plausible and more likely than not if someone has experience of when senses disappear and “vision of forms” mn128 - also rebirth, rather than reincarnation, its kinda agnosticism on selves hehe

[1] from what I gather in their book “Knowing and Seeing” they are clear to give it no life like Ajahn Brahm does but when jhana developed they do in cases try to intentionally cultivate that bhavanga experience when they do the recollecting past lives - but the purpose there is only after jhana so the hinderances not present - otherwise a person would delight in it - “I was such and such a person in such and such a place” or following experience of everything ending, not world, self, time, “Oh, I had a cessation experience, let me write a book about it and post on the internet” etc. Which I think is actually the case and this explains a lot of confusions about dhamma that proliferate :melting_face:

anyway that will probably be last post here except to ask questions as this post sums up current “state of understanding” or extent of my current wrong view, and kinda not going to help further reading or understanding suttas further until develop further - which may never happen - but hope it does - or like “I really don’t have any other options but to try”- and it’s an awful lot of conciet to think “oh I understand MN1” lol but that is my honest sincer reading and how it makes sense to me at current. So maybe this stands as a warning of having experiences without the correct context …

“Take an unlearned ordinary person who has not seen the noble ones, and is neither skilled nor trained in the teaching of the noble ones” Example in point: me. EDIT; just put the most important TL;DR of my (mis)interpretation in bold.

Anyway, now that’s out of my system and my sincere view of this sutta noted somewhere, hopefully can practice so mind changes instead of this “deepest held” belief, which is just a view caused by delight hehe (and there is the weirdest paradoxical part - that these views have substantial real-world like “real as bricks and motar” appearance, yet knowing caused by delight, non delight, the views change - the “fixation, undelying tendency” away from seeing the “object” see the anicca or empty etc) knowledge of which, understanding the (mis)understanding, is as I understand it, the understanding of this sutta, which means it’s a misunderstanding, - that’s the “seemingly paradoxical” but consistent with dhamma as I (mis) understand it) and hopefully can find context to practice where lucky enough to be “seeing the noble ones, skilled and trained in dhamma”, oh that would be like winning the universe birth and kamma lottery hehe

Elsewhere there’s like sn12.15 “without commiting, adherance” yeah, the misunderstanding - in essence the kinds of views that come from “holding” to fixed view are not the ones where coherent with the dhamma which seeing anicca,dukkha, anatta correctly, this sutta mn1 is in essence an important instruction at the beginning to warn about the misinterpretations when the buddha (who is the one who knows the dhamma and has the paramis to convey in the relative world, while there might of been solitary buddhas prior who could not convey) about one of the ways the misunderstanding of the ultimate from the terms of the relative (the means and conditions he has to teach) can arise.

1 Like

I take that line not that they weren’t pleased, but could say, they were very pleased ‘pleased or not pleased’(not delighting sounds far more satisfactory than to delight or be pleased TBH hehe) I don’t know but my assumption is like this is a moment they really understood dhamma

with metta

1 Like

But at least you had a readable translation to work with. :grin:

When I first sat down to read the Majjhima Nikāya in 1979, I had only I. B. Horner, whose translation of the opening sutta starts:

“I will teach you, monks, the synopsis of the fundamentals of all things. Listen, attend carefully, and I will speak.”

“Yes, Lord,” these monks answered the Lord in assent. The Lord spoke thus:

“This in this case, monks, where an uninstructed average person, taking no count of the pure ones, unskilled in the Dhamma of the pure ones, untrained in the Dhamma of the pure ones, taking no count of the true men, unskilled in the Dhamma of the true men, untrained in the Dhamma of the true men, recognises extension as extension; having recognised extension as extension, he thinks of extension, he thinks (of self) in (regard to) extension, he thinks (of self as) extension, he thinks, ‘Extension is mine.’ He rejoices in extension. What is the reason for this? I say that it is not thoroughly understood by him.

Upon reading this I felt a little like the members of the Not the Nine O’clock News Communist cell reading Marx’s Das Kapital for the first time.

3 Likes

Congratulations on your enthusiasm and efforts! :smiley:

In essence, MN 1 is another way of describing what you find in sutras about the aggregates. The part that goes:

… regard form as self, self as having form, form in self, or self in form.They regard feeling …perception …choices …consciousness as self, self as having consciousness, consciousness in self, or self in consciousness.

The idea is that the notion of an independent self, agent, subject, soul, person, etc. is perceived or assumed in various ways in dependence on experiences which don’t actually justify that assumption. Just taking the case of the body, which is made of the four elements, we might perceive the body as being me, or as me being in the body, me owning the body, and so on.

Related and tied up with the sense of a self and ownership is the sense of ‘delight, approval, enjoyment.’ That is the “emotional” craving and grasping aspect of the sense of self, if you’d like. The sutta addresses both of them.

Of course, different nuances can always be picked out and discussed and contemplated. This is just a general overview in case it’s of help.

3 Likes