MN43: Birth in a new existence & Destroying the "coming into existence" taṇhā by science - translation method

  1. ‘‘Kati pana+āvuso, bhava+iti?

Kati: how many?

Pana: (originally, cp. puna “again, further”)
āvuso: friend,a form of polite address “friend,brother,Sir"

bhava: (state of) existence
iti: as the definite contents of (one’s own or other’s) thoughts.

  1. ‘‘Kati panāvuso, bhavā’’ti?

‘‘Tayo+me, āvuso, bhavā – kāmabhavo, rūpabhavo, arūpabhavo+iti.

Me: is enclitic form of ahaṁ in var. cases of the sg. See under ahaṁ. pron. of 1st person “I”.
ahaṁ: pron. of 1st person “I”.
Tayo: numeral. card. three. ; nominative. — “accusative.” m. tayo

āvuso: friend,a form of polite address “friend,brother,Sir"

bhava: (state of) existence=> accusative. plur. fem. bhavā

kāma-bhava: a state of existence dominated by pleasures.
rūpa-bhava: material existence
arūpa-bhava: formless existence
iti: as the definite contents of (one’s own or other’s) thoughts.

‘‘Tayome, āvuso, bhavā – kāmabhavo , rūpabhavo, arūpabhavo’’ti.

‘‘Kathaṃ pana+āvuso, āyatiṃ puna+bbhava+abhinibbatti hoti+iti?

Kathaṁ: dubitable. interrogative. part. 1. how

Pana: (originally, cp. puna “again, further”)
āvuso: friend,a form of polite address “friend,brother,Sir"

āyati=> Only (?) in accusative. āyatiṁ (adverb.): in future
puna-bbhava: renewed existence, new birth
puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbatti: birth in a new existence
hoti(bhavati): to become, behave, etc.
iti: as the definite contents of (one’s own or other’s) thoughts.

‘‘Kathaṃ panāvuso, āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hotī’’ti?

‘‘Avijjā+nīvaraṇa+enaṃ kho, āvuso, sattānaṃ taṇhā-saṁyojanānaṃ tatra-tatra+abhinandanā – evaṃ āyatiṃ puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbatti hoti+iti.

Avijjā: ignorance
nīvaraṇa: an obstacle, hindrance
Na3: acc. sg. naṁ (mostly enclitic), fuller form enaṁ: him, her, “that one” etc.

kho: an enclitic particle of affirmation & emphasis:indeed,really,surely
Āvuso: friend,a form of polite address “friend,brother,Sir"

Satta2: (m.) a living being, a sentient & rational being=> accusative. Singular. m. sattānaṃ

Taṇhā-saṁyojana: the fetter of taṇhā. (adj.) fettered, bound by taṇhā.
Taṇhā-saṁyojana=> “genitive.” dative. plural. taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ
Taṇhā: fig. craving, hunger for, excitement, the fever of unsatisfied longing
saṃyojana: bond, fetter

tatra: B. tatra tatra: here & there, etc.
abhinandana: pleasure, delight, “enjoyment”

evaṁ: so, thus, in this way
Āyati=> Only (?) in acc. āyatiṁ (adverb.): in future
puna-bbhava: renewed existence, new birth
puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbatti: birth in a new existence
hoti(bhavati): to become, behave, etc.
iti: as the definite contents of (one’s own or other’s) thoughts.
‘‘Avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ kho, āvuso, sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ tatratatrābhinandanā – evaṃ āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hotī’’ti.

‘‘Kathaṃ pana+āvuso, āyatiṃ puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbatti na2 hoti+iti?

Kathaṁ: dubitable. interrogative. part. 1. how

Pana: (originally, cp. puna “again, further”)
āvuso: friend,a form of polite address “friend,brother,Sir"

Āyati=> Only (?) in acc. āyatiṁ (adverb.): in future
puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbatti: birth in a new existence

na2: negātive & adversative particle "not"
hoti(bhavati): to become, behave, etc.
iti: as the definite contents of (one’s own or other’s) thoughts.

‘‘Kathaṃ panāvuso, āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti na hotī’’ti?

‘‘Avijjā+virāgā kho, āvuso, vijjā+uppādā taṇhā+nirodhā – evaṃ āyatiṃ puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbattii na hoti+iti.

Avijjā: ignorance
virāgā: fading away(dissolve, fade out, fade away)
Avijjā+virāgā: indifference towards ignorance, “disgust at ignorance”

kho: an enclitic particle of affirmation & emphasis:indeed,really,surely
Āvuso: friend,a form of polite address “friend,brother,Sir"

vijjā: (a) vijjā is a general, popular term for lore in the old sense, "science, study"
uppāda2: “coming into existence”, appearance, birth
taṇhā: lit. drought, thirst; fig. craving, hunger for, excitement, the fever of unsatisfied longing
Nirodha: destruction, cessation, annihilation

Evaṁ: so, thus, in this way, either referring to what precedes or what follows
Āyati=> Only (?) in acc. āyatiṁ (adverb.): in future
puna-bbhava+°âbhinibbatti: birth in a new existence

na2: negātive & adversative particle "not"
hoti(bhavati): to become, behave, etc.

iti: as the definite contents of (one’s own or other’s) thoughts.

‘‘Avijjāvirāgā kho, āvuso, vijjuppādā taṇhānirodhā – evaṃ āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti na hotī’’ti.

Bhava: “becoming,” (form of) rebirth, (state of) existence, a “life.”

Tayome=> tayo + ime = these three
Tayome=> Tayo+ime ; *Please See: No. 27
Ayaṁ: demonstrative. pronoun. “this, he”=> B. (plural.) nominative. accusative. m. ime

Kāma-bhava: a state of existence dominated by pleasures. It is the second kind of existence, the first being caused by kamma

Tayo=> nominative. — accusative. m. tayo (Sn 311),

Bhava: “becoming,” (form of) rebirth, (state of) existence, a "life."
There are 3 states of existence conventionally enumd as kāma°, rūpa°, arūpa° or sensual
existence, deva — corporeal, & formless existence

Bhavati: to become, to be, exist, behave etc.

Pana: (originally, cp. puna “again, further”)
Bhava: “(state of) existence”, a life.
Abhinibbatti: becoming, birth, rebirth

Vijjā: (a) Vijjā is a general, popular term for lore in the old sense, science, study,
especially. study as a practice of some art (something like the secret science of the medicine
man: cp. vejja!)

Taṇhā: lit. drought, thirst; fig. craving, hunger for, excitement,
the fever of unsatisfied longing

tatra: B. tatra tatra, in t. — t. — abhinandinī (of taṇhā) finding its delight
in this & that, here & there

Tatra: 3. a special application of tatra (perhaps in the same sense to be explained tattha A 3) is that as first part of a cpd., where it is to be taken as generalizing (=tatra tatra)

Para-sattā (plural.)

*Please See.: Pali Noun Declension Table 1 x A 4 Bold
Satta2:1. (m.) a living being, creature, a sentient & rational being,
a person=> accusative. sattānaṃ
*Please See.: No. 123
Satta2: a sentient & rational being, a person=> plural. genitive. dative. sattānaṃ

Nirodha: oppression, suppression; destruction, cessation, annihilation