Hi,
Recently I found and read sutta Ne36 .
In this sutta there is a set of 40 factors that deal with Mettā, Karuṇā, Muditā, Upekkhā and another set of 40 factors that deal with defilements. Below are two tables that present these.
This sutta presents a sequence for cultivating metta: 1st way → 1st mindfulness (body)- > 1st jhana → 1st abiding → 1st right effort → letting go of conceit → truth foundation → 1st idhi based on chanda → faculty restraint → mettā.
For cultivating karuna: 2nd way → 2nd mindfulness (feelings) → 2nd jhana → 2nd abiding → 2nd right effort → uprooting settling place → relinquishment/generosity foundation → 2nd idhi based on energy → tapo → karuṇā
Refer to the table or sutta for muditā and upekkhā.
| 1 | 2 ~appaṇihitaṁ | 3 ~suññataṁ | 4 ~animittaṁ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. ↓ 1st(paṭhamā) paṭipadā 1st way |
↓ 2nd(dutiyā) paṭipadā 2nd way |
↓ 3rd(tatiyā) paṭipadā 3rd way |
↓ 4th(catutthī) paṭipadā 4th way |
| 2. ↓ 1st satipaṭṭhāno 1st mindfulness (body) |
↓ 2nd satipaṭṭhāno 2nd mindfulness (feelings) |
↓ 3rd satipaṭṭhāno 3rd mindfulness (citta) |
↓ 4th satipaṭṭhāno 4th mindfulness (dhamma) |
| 3. ↓ 1st jhānaṁ 1st jhana |
↓ 2nd jhānaṁ 2nd jhana |
↓ 3rd jhānaṁ 3rd jhana |
↓ 4th jhānaṁ 4th jhana |
| 4. ↓ 1st vihāro 1st abiding |
↓ 2nd vihāro 2nd abiding |
↓ 3rd vihāro 3rd abiding |
↓ 4th vihāro 4th abiding |
| 5. ↓ 1st sammappadhāno 1st right effort |
↓ 2nd sammappadhāno 2nd right effort |
↓ 3rd sammappadhāno 3rd right effort |
↓ 4th sammappadhāno 4th right effort |
| 6. ↓ 1st acchariyo abbhuto dhammo: mānappahānaṁ letting go of conceit |
↓ 2nd acchariyo abbhuto dhammo: ālayasamugghāto uprooting settling place |
↓ 3rd acchariyo abbhuto dhammo: avijjāpahānaṁ letting go of not-knowing |
↓ 4th acchariyo abbhuto dhammo: bhavūpasamaṁ being quiet/quieting being |
| 7. ↓saccādhiṭṭhānaṁ truth foundation |
↓ cāgādhiṭṭhānaṁ(bhavādhiṭṭhānaṁ(*)) relinquishment/generosity foundation |
↓ paññādhiṭṭhānaṁ wisdom foundation |
↓ upasamādhiṭṭhānaṁ peace foundation |
| 8. ↓chandasamādhi 1st idhi based on chanda |
↓ vīriyasamādhi 2nd idhi based on energy |
↓ cittasamādhi 3rd idhi based on citta |
↓ vīmaṁsāsamādhi 4th idhi based on vīmaṁsā |
| 9. ↓indriyasaṁvaro faculty restraint |
↓ tapo | ↓ buddhi | ↓ sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo |
| 10. mettā | karuṇā | muditā | upekkhā |
~ symbol indicates: appaṇihitaṁ vimokkhamukhaṁ, suññataṁ vimokkhamukhaṁ, animittaṁ vimokkhamukhaṁ for the entries in columns 2.-4. SN47.10 explains appaṇihitaṁ: directed & undirected.
↓ symbol indicates: A bhāvito bahulīkato B paripūreti (When A is cultivated(bhāvito: lit. caused to be) a lot it fills up B), eg: “Indriyasaṁvaro bhāvito bahulīkato mettaṁ paripūreti”
* bhavādhiṭṭhānaṁ is mentioned once in place of cāgādhiṭṭhānaṁ which is mentioned many times
Now defilements are demonstrable through the four perversions. Where are they to be found? In the conglomeration of defilement with its ten grounds. What ten grounds?
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. ↓ kabaḷīkāro āhāro physical nutriment |
↓ phasso āhāro contact nutriment |
↓ viññāṇāhāro vi-knowledge nutriment |
↓ manosañcetanāhāro mental volition nutriment |
| 2. ↓ “asubhe subhan”ti vipallāso “unattractive as attractive” distortion |
↓ “dukkhe sukhan”ti vipallāso “painful as pleasant” distortion |
↓ “Anicce niccan”ti vipallāso “Temporary as lasting” distortion |
↓ “anattani attā”ti vipallāso “Nonpersonal as personal” distortion |
| 3. ↓ kāmupādānañca appropriating kāma |
↓ bhavupādānañca appropriating bhavu |
↓ diṭṭhupādānaṁ appropriating views |
↓ attavādupādānaṁ appropriating atta |
| 4. ↓ kāmayogo kāma yoke |
↓ bhavayogo bhava yoke |
↓ diṭṭhiyogo view yoke |
↓ avijjāyogo not-knowing yoke |
| 5. ↓ abhijjhākāyagantho wanting body fetter |
↓ byāpādakāyagantho ill will towards body fetter |
↓ parāmāsakāyagantho | ↓ idaṁsaccābhinivesakāyagantho |
| 6. ↓ kāmāsavo kāmā effluent |
↓ bhavāsavo bhava effluent |
↓ diṭṭhāsavo view effluent |
↓ avijjāsavo not-knowing effluent |
| 7. ↓ kāmogho kāmo flood |
↓ bhavogho bhavo flood |
↓ diṭṭhogho view flood |
↓ avijjogho not-knowing flood |
| 8. ↓ rāgasallo passion arrow |
↓ dosasallo anger/aversion arrow |
↓ mānasallo conceit arrow |
↓ mohasallo delusion arrow |
| 9. ↓ rūpūpagā ca viññāṇaṭṭhiti experiencing/attaching-to form & such vi-knowledge |
↓ vedanūpagā ca viññāṇaṭṭhiti experiencing/attaching-to feeling & such vi-knowledge |
↓ saññūpagā experiencing/attaching-to perception |
↓ saṅkhārūpagā experiencing/attaching-to volitions |
| 10. chandā ca agatigamanaṁ desire with non-reachable destination |
dosā ca agatigamanaṁ anger/aversion with non-reachable destination |
bhayā agatigamanaṁ fear with non-reachable destination |
mohā agatigamanaṁ delusion with non-reachable destination |
↓ symbol indicates: connection between rows, refer to sutta for details
This sutta Ne36 contains a lot more than just this classification. If you decide to read it, feel free to post what you have learned from it, whether it challenged your understanding of brahmaviharas, introduced new concepts to one such as appaṇihitaṁ and so on. Or if you know some history on this sutta and its collection, feel free to post that as well.