Claims about arahantship are notoriously unreliable. Everyone wants to think of their teacher as an arahant, but the evidence is normally flimsy, at best. Even if a teacher makes an outright claim to arahantship, there is usually no good reason to take this at face value. Arahants would be expected not to make such claims. A nice example of how arahants declare their realisation - and this only to their teacher, usually the Buddha - is found in the Khema Sutta at AN 6.59:
And then, soon after Khema and Sumana had left, the Buddha addressed the mendicants: āMendicants, this is how gentlemen declare enlightenment. The goal is spoken of, but the self is not involved."
Atha kho bhagavÄ acirapakkantesu Äyasmante ca kheme Äyasmante ca sumane bhikkhÅ« Ämantesi: āevaį¹ kho, bhikkhave, kulaputtÄ aƱƱaį¹ byÄkaronti. Attho ca vutto attÄ ca anupanÄ«to.
And in the Soį¹a Sutta at AN 6.55, Soį¹a expresses his awakening as follows:
When a mendicantās mind is rightly freed like this, even if compelling sights come into the range of vision they donāt overcome their mind. The mind remains untainted. It is steady, imperturbable, observing disappearance. Even if compelling sounds ⦠smells ⦠tastes ⦠touches ⦠and ideas come into the range of the mind they donāt overcome the mind. The mind remains untainted. It is steady, imperturbable, observing disappearance.
Suppose there was a mountain that was one solid mass of rock, without cracks or holes. Even if violent storms were to blow up out of the east, the west, the north, and the south, they couldnāt make it shake or rock or tremble.
And yes, if a monk or nun declares that they are an arahant it would be a PÄtimokkha offence, either a pÄrÄjika if they are lying or a pÄcittiya if it is true. It hard to imagine an arahant would deliberately commit an offence against the monastic rules.
As to the water blessing itself, it is not inconceivable it might have some effect. Apart from the placebo effect, which is certainly real, it seems clear enough from the suttas that a powerful mind can affect the external environment, including other people. For instance, there are examples of protective verses and verses used to heal sickness, such as the famous bojjhaį¹
ga paritta at SN 46.14, SN 46.15, and SN 46.16.
I think it is possible for arahants to use water blessings, at least occasionally, as seems to have been the case with Ajahn Chah, whether he was an arahant or not.