What is "sato" gramatically?

In the third jhana we have the expression “sato ca sampajāno” and I just don’t understand what ‘sato’ is gramatically. I found that it’s a ppp (but it can’t be I think), or an ancient locative, or ‘full of sati’ (what is the grammar then) - or is it simply an adjectivized noun?
Thanks for helping!

i believe it’s Nominative of the adjective sata 2 - mindful, or present participle remembering, so the translation is accurate

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Thanks, I see how it works as a normal adjective and explains how sato & sampajāno get the same declension-ending. But at this text I would have expected ‘satimā’ - possessed of mindfulness. What kind of subtle difference is in there between ‘sato’ and ‘satimā’?

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