Brahmavihārā are dukkhā

[Dogen]

And on your last post:

@Dogen

This is precisely my argument for being pragmatic with altruism - Nile river is samsara, dukkha, insubstantial and empty yet source of suffering. Nibbāna, in contrast, is the absence of the river, absence of samsara, absence of suffering. All kamma is ultimately dukkha, and the teacher explains the way to cessation of kamma.

@yeshe.tenley

The word ‘ultimately’ makes me think you are saying that either kamma or dukkha has substantial existence. You probably didn’t intend that, but these words to me signify something going on in the mind that drifts towards substantialist thinking. At least that is what I recognize in myself.

I use ultimate here the way teacher uses how whatever arises and ceases is all dukkha, as in SN12.15:

You’ll have no doubt or uncertainty that what arises is just suffering arising, and what ceases is just suffering ceasing.